Thursday, December 17, 2015

Leson sef (7)

The comparative of adjectives and adverbs
The comparative is formed with ma....cem (more.....) and mu...cem (less..,,):

Ma boni cem mi - better than I
Ma vite cem xat - Faster than a cat
Mu jandi cem tuto - Less big that that

Sa + possessive adjective
In order to create the "mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs" series, place the definite article "sa" in front of the possessive:  mui - my, sa mui - mine; tui - your, sa tui - yours, etc.

Vocabulary building: the suffix -el
The suffix -el is placed to denote diminution of degree, not mere smallness:
hus - house, husel- cottage;  xeni - beautiful, xeneli- pretty.

Vocabulary building:  switching endings
A verb or adjective can be made into a noun by simply dropping the -a and -i, and, if the noun denotes the result of the verb, suffixes -us-:  mova - to speak, movus- an untterence; zeca- to work, zecus- work;  xeni - beautiful, xen - beauty; boni - good, bono - (the) good (that men do, e.g.)

New vocabulary
Viti  quick, fast, rapid.  Vite  quickly, rapidly
Li canezar ma bone cem lini  He works better than she,
Goro esar ma hoxi cem gorelo.  Mountains are taller than hills.
Engus a mi  Near to me
angus de li  Far from him/her

1.  Ci tui hus esar engus a sa mui?  Nu, Her, ki nu esar engus a sa tui, oti ki esar engus ta gorel.
2.  Ci sa gorel esar sor anguse?  Anu, Her, ki esar ma anguse cem sa hus de mui tadik.
3.  Ci ti kurar vite?  Nu, Her, mi axar, ke mui velik kurar ma vite cem mi.
4.  Ci tui velik esar hoxi?  Nu, Her, mi esar ma hoxi cem li.
5.  Ci ti eser en sa domat, kute mui kuz idanor?  Nu, mi eser xutam su sa gorel.
6.  Ci to ravar pedida su goro?  Anu, mo ravar pedida ma su goro cem en sa jad.
7.  Ci tui nizin bone canezar?  Anu, Her, sed li nu canezar ma bone cem sa ali ifanino.
8.  Kuto esar ma boni cem canez?  Sa ifans axar, ke cez esar maj bona cem canez.
9.  Kute esar sa jad, kute ti tigar ku tui velik?  Ki esar sor anguse.
10. Kutam tui velik idaner a tui jad?  Li idaner a ki, kutam li kerer caneza ku mi.
11. Ci sa nimo to ravar?   Anu, kaj sa kano noxe ma mo ravar cem sa ali nimo.
12. Kutu cezar ku ti ma ofte cem mui josik?  Mui kuzik cezar ku mi ma ofte, oti li tigar en mui hus.
13.  De kute idanar mui kim?  Li idanar de angusi jelad su sa goro.
14.  Ci li xutam tiger su sa goro?  Anu, oti lui pato kaj lui velo tigar tute.
15.  Ci ti eser en tui jelad?  Anu, mi tigar en ki, kutam mi eser sor juni.

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